Ultrasonic topic: "Chemical synthesis can be significantly improved by sonication"

Chemical synthesis is a chemical reaction with the aim of converting one or more reactants into one or multiple products.
Intense ultrasound waves can be applied to improve chemical reactions (i.e. synthesis and catalysis) – a field known as sonochemistry. The effect of ultrasound on chemical reactions are based on the generation of acoustic cavitation in liquids. Sonication introduces energy into the chemical mixture, produces locally extreme conditions due to cavitation and promotes mass transfer. Thereby, it can greatly enhance chemical reactions such as synthesis (sono-synthesis) and catalysis (sono-catalysis). Ultrasonic energy can induce and accelerate reactions, increase the conversion rate as well as establish alternative synthetic pathways. As a result of that, ultrasound can make synthesis reactions more efficient, faster and environmental-friendlier.
Ultrasonically-assisted synthesis reactions such as the sono-synthesis of hydroxyapatite, silver nanoparticles, Mn₃O₄nanoparticles and a large variety of core-shell particles have been extensively studied and successfully scaled to industrial sized production.