Ultrasonic topic: "Ultrasonic sonotrodes or probes"

A sonotrode is an accessory used in combination with an ultrasonic processor to transmit ultrasonic / acoustic waves into a liquid. The sonotrode is mostly a conical or tapered rod, also called ultrasonic probe, tip, horn or finger. Often made from titanium, ultrasonic sonotrodes / probes alternatively can made from other alloys, ceramic or glass.
The vibrations generated by the ultrasonic processor are transmitted via the sonotrode applies to a gas, liquid, solid or tissue. The displacement of the horizontal surface of the sonotrode is called amplitude. High amplitudes generated by high-power ultrasound used for manifold applications in research and industry include homogenization, dispersing, emulsification, wet-milling, extraction, disintegration, sonochemical reactions and many others.
Hielscher Ultrasonics manufactures various sonotrode sizes and geometries. The Hielscher Cascatrodes^TM are special design sonotrodes for the effective sonication at elevated ultrasonic power levels.