ultratovushli ekstraktsiya – Ko'p qirrali va har qanday botanika materiali uchun ishlatilishi mumkin
Can I use my probe-type ultrasonicator for cannabis and psilocybin extraction? The answer is: Yes! You can use your ultrasonicator for numerous different raw materials to produce high-quality extracts. The beauty of the ultrasonic extraction technique lies in its compatibility with virtually any botanical raw material and solvent. Therefore, ultrasonic extraction gives high yields within short process times for both, polar and non-polar molecules.
Extraction of Polar and Non-Polar Molecules with Ultrasound
The degree of extractability of bioactive compounds is determined by various factors such as the surrounding cellular structures or the polarity of the target molecule.
„Like Dissolves Like“
The solubility at molecular level can be differentiated generally into two different categories: polar and non-polar.
Polar molecules have positively + and negatively – charged ends. Non-polar molecules have almost no charge (zero charge) or the charge is balanced. Solvents range in these categories and can be e.g., heavily, medium or low polar or non-polar.
As the phrase „Like Dissolves Like“ hints, molecules dissolve best in a solvent with the same polarity.
Polar solvents will dissolve polar compounds. Non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar compounds. Depending in the polarity of the botanical compound, a suitable solvent with high dissolving capacity must be chosen.
Lipids and fats are non-polar molecules. Phytochemicals such as the major cannabinoids (CBD, THC), terpenes, tocopherols, chlorophyll A and carotenoids are such non-polar molecules. Aqueous molecules such as psilocybin, anthocyanins, most alkaloids, chlorophyll B, vitamin C, and B vitamins are types of polar molecules.
This means that you should choose different solvents for cannabis and psilocybin extraction, since cannabinoid molecules are nonpolar, while psilocybin molecules are polar. Accordingly, the polarity of the solvent matters. Polar molecules such as the phytochemical psilocybin dissolve best in polar solvents. Prominent polar solvents are e.g. water or methanol. Non-polar molecules, on the other hand, dissolve best in non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene.
Ultrasound Extraction of Any Phytochemical Choosing the Ideal Solvent
The advantage of the ultrasonic extractor is its compatibility with almost any solvent type. You can use an ultrasound extraction system with polar and non-polar solvents.
Some raw materials such as vital mushrooms often benefit from a two-stage extraction process, where ultrasonic extraction is performed successively with a polar and non-polar solvent. Such a two-stage extraction releases both, the polar and non-polar molecule types.
Water is a polar solvent; other polar solvents include acetone, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimelthylsulfoxide (DMSO), isopropanol, and methanol.
Note: Although water is technically a solvent, water-based extraction is often termed in layman terms as a solvent-free extraction.
Ethanol, acetone, dichloromethane etc. are categorized as intermediate polar, whilst n-hexane, ether, chloroform, toluene, etc. are nonpolar.
etanol – the Versatile Solvent for Botanical Extraction
Ethanol, a heavily used solvent for botanical extraction, is a medium polar solvent. This means, ethanol has polar and non-polar extraction properties. Having polar and non-polar extraction capacities, makes ethanol an ideal solvent for broad-spectrum extracts as often produced from botanicals such as hemp, cannabis, and other herbs, where a variety of different phytochemicals are extracted in order to obtain the so-called entourage effect. The entourage effect describes the effect of various bioactive compounds in combination, which results in a significantly more pronounced health-promoting effects. For instance, a broad-spectrum hemp extract contains various cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabinol (CBN), cannabichromene (CBC), terpenes, terpenoids, alkaloids and other phytochemicals, which work in combination and enforce the beneficial effects of the extracted in a holistic way.
Simple Switch between Botanical Materials
The change between batches of various botanicals raw materials is simple and quickly done.
For ultrasonic batch extraction, simply prepare your slurry consisting of (dried) macerated plant material, e.g. hemp in ethanol. Insert the ultrasonic probe (aka sonotrode) into the vessel and sonicate for the determined time. After sonication, remove the ultrasonic probe from the batch. Cleaning of the ultrasonicator is simple and takes only a minute: Wipe down the sonotrode to remove plant particulates, then use the ultrasonicator’s CIP (clean-in-place) feature. Insert the sonotrode in a beaker with water, switch the unit on and let run the device for 20-30 sec. Thereby, the ultrasonic probe cleans itself.
Now, you are ready to run the next batch for the extraction of another botanical such as psilocybin in water.
Similarly, ultrasonic inline systems equipped with flow cell are cleaned via CIP mechanism. Feeding the flow cell with water whilst running the ultrasound is mostly sufficient for cleaning. Of course, you can add a little amount of cleaning agents (e.g., to facilitate the removal of oils).
Ultrasonic extractors are universally usable for any kind of bioactive compounds and their polarity-wise suitable solvent.
- yuqori hosil
- Yuqori sifatli
- No thermal degradation
- Tez chiqarish
- Oddiy va xavfsiz ishlash
- Green Extraction
Find the Best High-Performance Ultrasonicator for Your Extraction Purposes
Hielscher Ultrasonics extractors are well established in the field of botanical extraction. Extract producers – from small boutique extract manufacturers to large-scale mass producers – find in Hielscher‘ broad equipment range the ideal ultrasonicator for their production capacity. Batch as well as continuous inline process setups are readily available, quickly installed as well as safe and intuitively to operate.
Eng yuqori sifat – Designed & Manufactured in Germany
The sophisticated hardware and smart software of Hielscher ultrasonicators are designed to guarantee reliable ultrasonic extraction results from your botanical raw material with reproducible outcomes and user-friendly, safe operation. Built for 24/7 operation and offering high robustness and low maintenance requirements, Hielscher ultrasound extractors are a reliable and comfortable solution for botanical extract producers.
Hielscher Ultrasonics extractors are used worldwide in the production of high-quality botanical extracts. Proven to produce high-quality extract, Hielscher ultrasonicators are not only used smaller crafters of boutique extracts, but mostly in the industrial production of widely commercial distributed extracts and nutritional supplements. Due to their robustness and low maintenance, Hielscher ultrasonic processors can be easily installed, operated and monitored.
Automatic Data Protocolling
In order to fulfil the production standards of nutritional supplements and therapeutics, production processes must be detailed monitored and recorded. Hielscher Ultrasonics digital ultrasonic devices feature automatic data protocolling. Due to this smart feature, all important process parameters such as ultrasonic energy (total and net energy), temperature, pressure and time are automatically stored onto a built-in SD-card as soon as the device is switched on. Process monitoring and data recording are important for continuous process standardization and product quality. By accessing the automatically recorded process data, you can revise previous sonication runs and evaluate the outcome.
Another user-friendly feature is the browser remote control of our digital ultrasonic systems. Via remote browser control you can start, stop, adjust and monitor your ultrasonic processor remotely from anywhere.
Want to learn more about the advantages of ultrasonic extraction? Contact us now to discuss your botanical extract manufacturing process! Our well-experienced staff will be glad to share more information about ultrasonic extraction, our ultrasonic systems and pricing!
Why is Ultrasonic Extraction the Best Method?
Samaradorlik
- Yuqori hosil
- Rapid extraction process – within minutes
- Yuqori sifatli ekstraktlar – mild, non-thermal extraction
- Green solvents (water, ethanol, glycerin, vegetable oils, NADES etc.)
Simplicity
- Plug-and-play – Set-up and operate within minutes
- High throughput – For large scale extract production
- Batch-wise or continuous inline operation
- Simple installation and start-up
- Portable / Movable – Portable units or built on wheels
- Linear scale up – add another ultrasonic system in parallel to increase capacity
- Remote monitoring and control – via PC, smart phone or tablet
- No process supervision required – Set-up and run
- High-Performance – designed for continuous 24/7 production
- Robustness and low maintenance
- Yuqori sifatli – designed and built in Germany
- Quick load and discharge between lots
- Easy to clean
xavfsizlik
- Simple and safe to run
- Solvent-less or solvent-based extraction (water, ethanol, vegetable oils, glycerin, etc.)
- No high pressures and temperatures
- ATEX-certified explosion-proof systems available
- Easy to control (also via remote control)
- Algae
- antosiyaninlar
- Artemisinin
- Astragalus
- Baggibuti
- achchiq qovun
- nasha
- Chilli peppers
- dolchin
- Citrus fruit peel
- kakao
- kofe
- Cucurmin
- Kava Kava
- Duckweed
- mürver
- sarimsoq
- zanjabil
- yashil choy
- Hops
- Kratom
- dorivor o'tlar
- Monk fruit
- qo'ziqorinlar
- zaytun barglari
- Pomegranate
- quercetin
- Quillaja
- za'faron
- steviya
- tamaki
- Vanilla
and many more!
Quyidagi jadvalda ultrasonikatorlarimizning taxminiy qayta ishlash quvvati ko'rsatilgan:
To'plam hajmi | Oqim darajasi | Tavsiya etilgan qurilmalar |
---|---|---|
1 dan 500 ml gacha | 10 dan 200 ml / min | UP100H |
10 dan 2000 ml gacha | 20 dan 400 ml / min | UP200Ht, UP400St |
0.1 dan 20 L gacha | 0.2 dan 4L/min gacha | UIP2000hdT |
10 dan 100 l gacha | 2 dan 10 l / min | UIP4000hdT |
na | 10 dan 100 l / min | UIP16000 |
na | kattaroq | ning klasteri UIP16000 |
Biz bilan bog'lanish! / Bizdan so'rang!
Adabiyot / Adabiyotlar
- F. Chemat; M. K. Khan (2011): Applications of ultrasound in food technology: processing, preservation and extraction. Ultrasonic Sonochemistry, 18, 2011. 813–835.
- Petigny L., Périno-Issartier S., Wajsman J., Chemat F. (2013): Batch and Continuous Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Boldo Leaves (Peumus boldus Mol.). International journal of Molecular Science 14, 2013. 5750-5764.
- Fooladi, Hamed; Mortazavi, Seyyed Ali; Rajaei, Ahmad; Elhami Rad, Amir Hossein; Salar Bashi, Davoud; Savabi Sani Kargar, Samira (2013): Optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds of jujube (Ziziphus Jujube) using ultrasound-assisted extraction method.
- Dogan Kubra, P.K. Akman, F. Tornuk (2019): Improvement of Bioavailability of Sage and Mint by Ultrasonic Extraction. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 2019. 2(2): p.122- 135.
Solvents and Their Polarity
The table below lists the most common solvents arranged in order from lowest to highest polarity.
hal qiluvchi | formula | boiling point (degC) | melting point (degC) | density (g/mL) |
solubility in H2O (g/100g) | relative polarity |
cyclohexane | C6H12 | 80.7 | 6.6 | 0.779 | 0.005 | 0.006 |
pentane | C5H12 | 36.1 | -129.7 | 0.626 | 0.0039 | 0.009 |
hexane | C6H14 | 69 | -95 | 0.655 | 0.0014 | 0.009 |
heptane | C7H16 | 98 | -90.6 | 0.684 | 0.0003 | 0.012 |
carbon tetrachloride | CCl4 | 76.7 | -22.4 | 1.594 | 0.08 | 0.052 |
carbon disulfide | CS2 | 46.3 | -111.6 | 1.263 | 0.2 | 0.065 |
p-xylene | C8H10 | 138.3 | 13.3 | 0.861 | 0.02 | 0.074 |
toluene | C7H8 | 110.6 | -93 | 0.867 | 0.05 | 0.099 |
benzene | C6H6 | 80.1 | 5.5 | 0.879 | 0.18 | 0.111 |
ether | C4H10O | 34.6 | -116.3 | 0.713 | 7.5 | 0.117 |
methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) | C5H12O | 55.2 | -109 | 0.741 | 4.8 | 0.124 |
diethylamine | C4H11N | 56.3 | -48 | 0.706 | M | 0.145 |
dioxane | C4H8O2 | 101.1 | 11.8 | 1.033 | M | 0.164 |
N,N-dimethylaniline | C8H11N | 194.2 | 2.4 | 0.956 | 0.14 | 0.179 |
chlorobenzene | C6H5Cl | 132 | -45.6 | 1.106 | 0.05 | 0.188 |
anisole | C 7H8O | 153.7 | -37.5 | 0.996 | 0.10 | 0.198 |
tetrahydrofuran (THF) | C4H8O | 66 | -108.4 | 0.886 | 30 | 0.207 |
ethyl acetate | C4H8O2 | 77 | -83.6 | 0.894 | 8.7 | 0.228 |
ethyl benzoate | C9H10O2 | 213 | -34.6 | 1.047 | 0.07 | 0.228 |
dimethoxyethane (glyme) | C4H10O2 | 85 | -58 | 0.868 | M | 0.231 |
diglyme | C6H14O3 | 162 | -64 | 0.945 | M | 0.244 |
methyl acetate | C 3H 6O2 | 56.9 | -98.1 | 0.933 | 24.4 | 0.253 |
chloroform | CHCl3 | 61.2 | -63.5 | 1.498 | 0.8 | 0.259 |
3-pentanone | C5H12O | 101.7 | -39.8 | 0.814 | 3.4 | 0.265 |
1,1-dichloroethane | C2H4Cl2 | 57.3 | -97.0 | 1.176 | 0.5 | 0.269 |
di-n-butyl phthalate | C16H22O4 | 340 | -35 | 1.049 | 0.0011 | 0.272 |
cyclohexanone | C6H10O | 155.6 | -16.4 | 0.948 | 2.3 | 0.281 |
pyridine | C5H5N | 115.5 | -42 | 0.982 | M | 0.302 |
dimethylphthalate | C10H10O4 | 283.8 | 1 | 1.190 | 0.43 | 0.309 |
methylene chloride | CH2Cl2 | 39.8 | -96.7 | 1.326 | 1.32 | 0.309 |
2-pentanone | C 5H 10O | 102.3 | -76.9 | 0.809 | 4.3 | 0.321 |
2-butanone | C4H8O | 79.6 | -86.3 | 0.805 | 25.6 | 0.327 |
1,2-dichloroethane | C2H4Cl2 | 83.5 | -35.4 | 1.235 | 0.87 | 0.327 |
benzonitrile | C7H5N | 205 | -13 | 0.996 | 0.2 | 0.333 |
acetone | C3H6O | 56.2 | -94.3 | 0.786 | M | 0.355 |
dimethylformamide (DMF) | C3H7NO | 153 | -61 | 0.944 | M | 0.386 |
t-butyl alcohol | C4H10O | 82.2 | 25.5 | 0.786 | M | 0.389 |
aniline | C6H7N | 184.4 | -6.0 | 1.022 | 3.4 | 0.420 |
dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) | C2H6OS | 189 | 18.4 | 1.092 | M | 0.444 |
acetonitrile | C2H3N | 81.6 | -46 | 0.786 | M | 0.460 |
3-pentanol | C 5H 12O | 115.3 | -8 | 0.821 | 5.1 | 0.463 |
2-pentanol | C 5H 12O | 119.0 | -50 | 0.810 | 4.5 | 0.488 |
2-butanol | C4H10O | 99.5 | – 114.7 | 0.808 | 18.1 | 0.506 |
cyclohexanol | C 6H 12O | 161.1 | 25.2 | 0.962 | 4.2 | 0.509 |
1-octanol | C 8H 18O | 194.4 | -15 | 0.827 | 0.096 | 0.537 |
2-propanol | C3H8O | 82.4 | -88.5 | 0.785 | M | 0.546 |
1-heptanol | C 7H 16O | 176.4 | -35 | 0.819 | 0.17 | 0.549 |
i-butanol | C4H10O | 107.9 | -108.2 | 0.803 | 8.5 | 0.552 |
1-hexanol | C 6H 14O | 158 | -46.7 | 0.814 | 0.59 | 0.559 |
1-pentanol | C 5H 12O | 138.0 | -78.2 | 0.814 | 2.2 | 0.568 |
acetyl acetone | C5H8O2 | 140.4 | -23 | 0.975 | 16 | 0.571 |
ethyl acetoacetate | C6H10O3 | 180.4 | -80 | 1.028 | 2.9 | 0.577 |
1-butanol | C4H10O | 117.6 | -89.5 | 0.81 | 7.7 | 0. 586 |
benzyl alcohol | C 7H 8O | 205.4 | -15.3 | 1.042 | 3.5 | 0.608 |
1-propanol | C3H8O | 97 | -126 | 0.803 | M | 0.617 |
acetic acid | C2H4O2 | 118 | 16.6 | 1.049 | M | 0.648 |
2-aminoethanol | C2H7NO | 170.9 | 10.5 | 1.018 | M | 0.651 |
etanol | C2H6O | 78.5 | -114.1 | 0.789 | M | 0.654 |
diethylene glycol | C4H10O3 | 245 | -10 | 1.118 | M | 0.713 |
metanol | CH4O | 64.6 | -98 | 0.791 | M | 0.762 |
ethylene glycol | C2H6O2 | 197 | -13 | 1.115 | M | 0.790 |
glycerin | C3H8O3 | 290 | 17.8 | 1.261 | M | 0.812 |
water, heavy | D2O | 101.3 | 4 | 1.107 | M | 0.991 |
suv | H2O | 100.00 | 0.00 | 0.998 | M | 1.000 |