シロシビンの超音波冷水抽出

Isolating psilocybin from fresh and dried fungi of the psilocybe species is known to be time-consuming and often quite inefficient. With ultrasonic extraction psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin and norbaeocystin are rapidly extracted from fresh and dried psilocibe mushrooms. Ultrasonic extraction breaks the cell walls of the mushroom so that the bioactive substances are completely released, so that a highly efficient and rapid extraction process is achieved.

Ultrasonic Psilocybin Extraction

Ultrasonic extraction is used successfully in many industries such as food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and fine-chemical industry to extract and isolate bioactive compounds and other substances from raw materials. The ultrasonic technique is considered as highly efficient, rapid, reliable, safe and easy to operate as well as environmental-friendly extraction method. Due to these advantages, the ultrasonically-assisted extraction (UAE) outperforms alternative extraction methods. Compounds such as psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin and norbaeocystin are already successfully extracted using Hielscher Ultrasonics equipment. The ultrasonic extraction of psychedelic compounds gives high yields of superior extract quality within a turbo-extraction procedure. Ultrasonic extraction is compatible with any solvent and allows for the production of full-spectrum extracts.

超音波抽出 – A Cold Extraction Technique

Bioactive compounds are heat-sensitive, which means they degrade and decompose under high temperatures so that they loose their effect and potency. Therefore, most botanical extraction benefit from a non-thermal extraction method, which is not based on heat a basic working principle. Ultrasonic extraction is a purely mechanical extraction technique, which working principle is the generation of acoustic cavitation.
What is Ultrasonic Cavitation and How does it Impact Extraction?
For instance, when a liquid is sonicated with an ultrasound probe at 20kHz, 20,000 vibrations per second are transmitted into the medium. The ultrasonic waves travel through the liquid, where they create alternating high-pressure (compression) / low-pressure (rarefaction or expansion) cycles. During the low-pressure vacuum cycle, minute vacuum bubbles or cavities occur in the liquid, which grow over several pressure cycles. During the compression phase of the liquid and bubbles, the pressure is positive, while the rarefaction phase produces a vacuum (negative pressure.) During the compression-expansion cycles, the cavities in the liquid grow until they reach a size, at which they cannot absorb more energy. At this point, they implode violently. The implosion of those cavities results in various highly energetic sonomechanical effects, which are known as the phenomenon of acoustic / ultrasonic cavitation. During the implosion of ultrasonic cavitation bubbles, extreme energy dense forces such as high shear, liquid streaming and turbulences are created in the sonicated liquid. These cavitational forces disrupt cell walls of plant tissues and release the intracellular compounds, including bioactive substances such as the hallucinogenics psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin and norbaeocystin from mushroom species. The alternating high-pressure/low-pressure cycles also promote intense mass transfer rates, which results in the superior extraction yield obtained by sonication. Ultrasonic extraction can release the complete active substance content from botanicals.

Ultrasonic Psilocybin Extraction: Step-by-Step

You can extract psilocybin and other bioactive substances from mushrooms using water, ethanol or 200 proof ethyl alcohol as solvents.
Chop the fresh or dried psilocybin mushrooms into small bits and pieces. You can use caps and stems. Both contain the psychoactive compounds, however the caps consistently are richer in psilocybin. The spores do not contain psilocybin.
Place the chopped mushrooms in a glass beaker and fill it with cold water.
Optionally, you might place the glass beaker in an ice bath to keep the process temperature as cold as possible.
The sonicated slurry turn blue with blue water containing extracted psilocybin from the mushroom fruits.
Separate the mushroom pieces and debris by straining or filtering. Optionally, keep the mushroom material from filtration for a second extraction run using either water or ethanol.
Use an evaporation system to remove the solvent. 1 to 2 grams of dried magic mushrooms should yield in approx. 1cc of final extract. As mushrooms are a natural product, the content of psychedelic substances can vary.
Fill the final extract into a dark glass container or vial and store in the freezer.
By an optional crystallization step, the shelf-life of the psilocybin extract can be prolonged further.

Psilocybin-Containing Mushrooms

Psilocybin can be found in more than 200 species of mushrooms of the four fungus genera Conocybe. Panaeolus, Psilocybe, Stropharia, which are all suitable for extracting the the active compound psilocybin ultrasonically. In general, mushrooms that contain psilocybin exhibit the following characteristics: They have dark spores, are lamella / gills fungi, grow mostly in humus-rich soil in meadows and woods of tropical and sub-tropical regions and exhibit blue bruises which occurs due to an oxidative reaction, when the mushroom is handled or damaged.
The most well-known species of psilocybin-containing mushroom is Psilocybe cubensis, which contains two psycho-active compounds, psilocybin and psilocin. Commonly known as shrooms, magic mushrooms, golden tops, cubes, or gold caps, Psilocybe cubensis belongs to the fungus family Hymenogastraceae, and was formerly known as Stropharia cubensis. As it is widely distributed and easy to cultivate, Psilocybe cubensis is the best-known pscilocybin-containing mushroom species.
Psilocybe cubensis is probably the most famous for its hallugcinogenic effects, which are caused mainly by the active compounds triggering psychedelic experiences after ingestion. Its major psychoactive compounds are:

• Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine)
• Psilocin (4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine)
• Baeocystin (4-phosphoryloxy-N-methyltryptamine)
• Norbaeocystin (4-phosphoryloxytryptamine)

超音波抽出システムの利点

The advantages of ultrasonic extraction are the high extraction yield of psychedelic compounds (i.e. psilocybin, psilocin, baeocystin, norbaeocystin), the free choice of solvent (e.g. water, ethanol, water-alcohol mixture etc.), as well as the simple and safe operation. Due to the intensive mechanical forces of sonication, ecological and mild solvents such as water, ethanol etc. are usually sufficient to achieve an extraordinary extraction rate and yield. As a result, ultrasonic extraction shortens the extraction time and enables a reduced use of solvents or the use of milder, gentler solvents. This means that ultrasonic extraction allows for both, higher extraction rates and healthier extracts (e.g. cold water extracts). Since the process temperature can be precisely controlled during the sonication, thermal decomposition of the extracts due to excessively high temperatures as well as evaporation of the substances are avoided.

Sophisticated Ultrasonicators for Mushroom Extraction

Hielscher Ultrasonics product portfolio covers the full range of high-performance ultrasonic extractors from small to large scale. Additional accessories allow for the easy assembly of the most suitable ultrasonic extractor configuration for your process. The optimal sonication setup depends on the envisaged capacity, volume, raw material, batch or inline process and timeline. Our long-experiences, well-trained staff will recommend you the most suitable ultrasonic extractor and will assist you during the establishing phase of your mushroom extraction process.

超音波抽出 – バッチおよびインライン

Hielscher ultrasonicators can be used for batch and continuous flow-through processing. Depending on your process volume and hourly throughput, inline processing might be recommended for higher processing volumes. Whilst batching of large violumes is time- and labour-intensive, a continuous inline mixing process comes handy as it is more efficient, faster and requires significantly less labour. Hielscher Ultrasonics has the most suitable extraction setup for your extraction volume and process goals.

すべての製品容量のための超音波抽出器

ヒールシャー超音波製品の範囲は、1時間あたりのトラック積み込みを処理する能力を持つ完全工業用超音波プロセッサにベンチトップとパイロットシステム上のコンパクトなラボ超音波装置から超音波プロセッサの完全なスペクトルをカバーしています。フル製品範囲は、私たちはあなたの原料、プロセス容量と生産目標に最適な超音波抽出器を提供することができます。
超音波ベンチトップシステムは、実現可能性試験とプロセスの最適化に最適です。確立されたプロセスパラメータに基づく線形スケールアップは、より小さなロットから完全に商業生産までの処理能力を非常に容易に高めます。アップスケーリングは、より強力な超音波抽出ユニットをインストールするか、並列にいくつかの超音波装置をクラスタリングすることによって行うことができます。UIP16000では、ヒールシャーは、世界中で最も強力な超音波抽出器を提供しています。

最適な結果を得るための正確に制御可能な振幅

All Hielscher ultrasonicators are precisely controllable and thereby reliable work horses in production. The amplitude is one of the crucial process parameters that influence the efficiency and effectiveness of ultrasonic extraction of bioactive phyto-nutrients and hallucinogenic compounds from botanicals. Raw material such as soft fresh mushrooms require milder sonication and lower amplitude settings, whilst dried mushrooms might require sonication at higher amplitudes to release the intracellular content. All Hielscher Ultrasonics’ プロセッサは振幅の精密な設定を可能にする。ソノトロードとブースターホーンは、さらに広い範囲で振幅を変更することを可能にするアクセサリーです。ヒールシャーの産業用超音波プロセッサは、非常に高い振幅を提供し、要求の厳しいアプリケーションに必要な超音波強度を提供することができます。最大200μmの振幅は、24時間365日の操作で簡単に連続的に実行できます。
正確な振幅設定とスマートソフトウェアを介して超音波プロセスパラメータの恒久的な監視は、あなたの種子を最も効果的な超音波条件で治療する可能性を与えます。最適な超音波処理は、最良の抽出結果を得る!
ヒールシャーの超音波装置の堅牢性は、頑丈で厳しい環境で24時間365日の操作を可能にします。これにより、ヒールシャーの超音波装置は、あなたの抽出要件を満たす信頼性の高い作業ツールになります。

リスクのない簡単なテスト

超音波プロセスは完全に線形にスケーリングすることができます。これは、ラボまたはベンチトップ超音波処理器を使用して達成したすべての結果を意味し、まったく同じプロセスパラメータを使用して正確に同じ出力にスケーリングすることができます。これは、リスクフリーの実現可能性試験、プロセスの最適化、商業製造へのその後の実装のための超音波処理に最適です。超音波処理は、あなたのスプラウトの収量と品質を高めることができる方法を学ぶためにお問い合わせください。

最高品質 – ドイツで設計・製造

家族経営の家族経営のビジネスとして、ヒールシャーは超音波処理装置の最高品質基準を優先します。すべての超音波処理器は、ベルリン、ドイツの近くのテルトウの本社で設計、製造、徹底的にテストされています。ヒールシャーの超音波装置の堅牢性と信頼性は、あなたの生産の作業馬になります。全負荷下での24時間365日の動作は、ヒールシャーの高性能ミキサーの自然な特性です。

You can buy Hielscher ultrasonic processor in any different size and exactly configured to your process requirements of mushroom extraction. From treating fungi in a small lab beaker to the continuous flow-through mixing of mushroom slurries on industrial level, Hielscher Ultrasonics offers a suitable ultrasonicator for you! Please contact us – 理想的な超音波設定をお勧めして嬉しいです!
下の表は私達のultrasonicatorsのおおよその処理能力の目安を与えます：