Power Ultrasonics yordamida asfalten yotqizilishi kamayadi
Asfalten yog'inlari neft o'tkazuvchanligini pasaytirish, qatlam jinslarining namlanishini o'zgartirish, quduq quduqlarini to'sib qo'yish, shuningdek, qazib olish qudug'i atrofida sezilarli bosimning pasayishi orqali neft qazib olishda ko'plab muammolarni keltirib chiqaradi. Ultrasonik asfalten deaglomeratsiyasi va dispersiyasi asfalten to'qimalarining shakllanishini va ularning cho'kishini oldini oladi va tiklaydi.
Muammo: xom neftdagi asfaltenlar
Asfalten xom neftda mavjud bo'lgan qattiq moddadir, chunki u burg'ulash qudug'idan xom ashyoni qazib olish va tashishda jiddiy muammolarni keltirib chiqaradi. Asfaltenlar molekulalarning juda murakkab sinfidir va turli molekulyar tuzilmalarda uchraydi – a factor which contributes to the problem as different forms of asphaltene cause problems with different degrees of severity. Asphaltene’s many different structures also makes it hard to generalize it into a specific family. Therefore, asphaltene is generally classified as a solubility class, since it is characterized as being insoluble in n-alkanes.
Xom neft tarkibidagi asfaltenlardan kelib chiqadigan tipik muammolar, masalan, qatlamlarda, quduqlarda va transport quvurlarida zich flokulyatsiyalar va konlar bo'lib, bu keyinchalik ekspluatatsiya va ishlab chiqarishning murakkablashishiga va qayta ishlash xarajatlarining oshishiga olib keladi.
Yen modelida tasvirlangan asfalten agregatsiyasi va flokulyatsiyasi.
Ultrasonik protsessor UIP16000 xom neftni qayta ishlash uchun yuqori samarali gomogenizator hisoblanadi
Yechim: Asfalten cho'kmalarini ultratovush yordamida kamaytirish
Cho'kma va flokulyatsiyalangan asfalten zarralari kuchli ultratovush yordamida ishonchli tarzda tuzatilishi mumkin. Yuqori samarali ultratovush asfalten cho'kmalarini buzadi va kichik zarracha hajmiga qadar flokulyatsiya qiladi. Shunday qilib, asfalten qayta tiqilib qolmaydigan yoki xom ashyoni qayta ishlashga xalaqit bermaydigan juda kichik zarrachalarga ajraladi. Ultrasonik disperserlar xom neftdagi zarralarni bir hil holga keltiradi. Ko'pincha uzoq muddatli barqarorlikni olish uchun kimyoviy stabilizator qo'shiladi. Bu shuni anglatadiki, ultrasonikatsiya so'l tuzilmali asfalten flokulyatsiyasini kamaytirishi mumkin, bu esa asfaltenning yuzalarga cho'kishi, rezervuardagi g'ovaklarning tiqilib qolishi, quduqning tiqilib qolishi va quvurlarda to'planishining oldini oladi.
Mikro-modelning turli nuqtalarida ultratovush to'lqinlari ostida sho'r suv toshqini tugashi.
- Asfaltenning zarracha hajmini kamaytirish
- Asfalten aglomeratlarini parchalash
- Flokulyatsiyani inhibe qilish
- Xomning viskozitesini kamaytirish
3x ultratovushli o'rnatish UIP1000hdT xom neftni qayta ishlash uchun
Tadqiqotlar ultratovushli asfaltenni kamaytirish samaradorligini isbotlaydi
Dehshibi va boshqalar. (2018) harorat nazorati ostida past chastotali, yuqori quvvatli ultratovushli (30kHz) asfalten yog'inlari? flokulyatsiyasi va cho'kishiga ta'sirini o'rgangan. Ultrasonikatsiya asfalten yotqizishni kamaytiradi. Ultrasonik to'lqinlar va hosil bo'lgan akustik kavitatsiya yog 'qatlamlash mexanizmi orqali neft ishlab chiqarishni ko'paytirishga olib keldi. Sonikatsiya bilan ishlov berish orqali nafaqat asfalten aglomeratlarini parchalash, balki asfalten cho'kmasini qaytarish ham mumkin edi.
Moreover, the application of ultrasonication could prevent the blockage of throats and pores with large agglomerated asphaltene. Thereby, a pressure drop due to asphaltene deposition was avoided and the fluid flow in the pores and throats was improved. Using image analysis it was found that as a result of applying power ultrasound about 80% of precipitated asphaltene did not deposit. “In other words, 80% of asphaltene deposition reduced and consequently probability of blockage of micro channels reduces due to using ultrasonic.” (Dehshibi et al., 2018)
The findings of the study of Deshibi’s research group demonstrated that ultrasonic vibration and cavitation vibration can remove larger asphaltene aggregates from surfaces and move them into the bulk of flow. Furthermore, the ultrasonic processing reduced the amount of aggregated asphaltene (see figure below). Based on the image analysis, about 70% of asphaltene precipitated will not be deposited due to the subjection of the system to sonication.
Ultratovush to'lqinlari nurlanishi ostida sho'r suvning (magniy xlorid eritmasi) suv bosishi: (a) asfalten cho'kmasining teskariligi (b) asfaltenni olib tashlash.
Yuqori samarali ultratovush apparatlari
Hielscher Ultrasonics og'ir ilovalar uchun yuqori samarali ultratovushli protsessorlarni ishlab chiqish, prototiplash, ishlab chiqarish va tarqatish bo'yicha ixtisoslashgan. Ajoyib ishlash, chidamlilik, mustahkamlik va ishonchlilik tufayli Hielscher ultratovush tizimlari butun dunyo bo'ylab neft-kimyo dasturlari uchun o'rnatiladi. Odatiy ilovalar orasida ultratovush yordamida oksidlovchi desulfurizatsiya, xom neft emulsifikatsiyasi, asfalten deaglomeratsiyasi, changni yutish dispersiyasi va og'ir yog'larning viskozitesini kamaytirish kiradi. Hielscher ultratovush’ industrial ultrasonic processors can deliver very high amplitudes, which are required for heavy duty applications. Amplitudes of up to 200µm can be easily continuously run in 24/7 operation. For even higher amplitudes, customized ultrasonic sonotrodes are available. Hielscher’s industrial systems easily handle very high viscosities and require low maintenance only.
Ultrasonik asfaltni kamaytirish, o'rnatish imkoniyatlari va narxlari haqida ko'proq ma'lumot olish uchun hozir biz bilan bog'laning! Bizning yaxshi o'qitilgan, ko'p yillik tajribamiz siz bilan jarayon talablaringizni muhokama qilishdan mamnun bo'ladi!
Quyidagi jadvalda ultrasonikatorlarimizning taxminiy qayta ishlash quvvati ko'rsatilgan:
| To'plam hajmi | Oqim darajasi | Tavsiya etilgan qurilmalar |
|---|---|---|
| 1 dan 500 ml gacha | 10 dan 200 ml? min | UP100H |
| 10 dan 2000 ml gacha | 20 dan 400 ml? min | UP200Ht, UP400St |
| 0.1 dan 20 L gacha | 0.2 dan 4L/min gacha | UIP2000hdT |
| 10 dan 100 l gacha | 2 dan 10 l? min | UIP4000hdT |
| na | 10 dan 100 l? min | UIP16000 |
| na | kattaroq | ning klasteri UIP16000 |
Biz bilan bog'lanish!? Bizdan so'rang!
Hielscher Ultrasonics laboratoriya, uchuvchi va sanoat miqyosida ilovalar, dispersiya, emulsifikatsiya va ekstraktsiyani aralashtirish uchun yuqori samarali ultratovushli homogenizatorlarni ishlab chiqaradi.
Adabiyot? Adabiyotlar
- Reza Rezaei Dehshibi, Ali Mohebbi, Masoud Riazi, Mehrdad Niakousari (2018): Experimental investigation on the effect of ultrasonic waves on reducing asphaltene deposition and improving oil recovery under temperature control. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 45, 2018. 204-212.
- Amani, Mahmood, Retnanto, Albertus, AlJuhani, Salem, Al-Jubouri, Mohammed, Shehada, Salem, Rommel Yrac (2015): Investigating the Role of Ultrasonic Wave Technology as an Asphaltene Flocculation Inhibitor, an Experimental Study. International Petroleum Technology Conference, Doha, Qatar, December 2015.
- Khosrow Naderi, Tayfun Babadagli (2010): Influence of intensity and frequency of ultrasonic waves on capillary interaction and oil recovery from different rock types. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, Volume 17, Issue 3, 2010. 500-508.
- Goual Lamia (2012): Petroleum asphaltenes. In: Crude Oil Emulsions – Composition Stability and Characterization. InTechOpen 2012.
- Salehzadeh, M., Akherati, A., Ameli, F. and Dabir, B. (2016): Experimental study of ultrasonic radiation on growth kinetic of asphaltene aggregation and deposition. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 94(11). 2202-2209.
Bilishga arziydigan faktlar
Asfaltenlar
Asphaltenes consist primarily of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, as well as trace amounts of vanadium and nickel. The C:H ratio is approximately 1:1.2, but varies depending on the asphaltene source. Asphaltene is defined as “the heaviest component of petroleum fluids that is insoluble in light n-alkanes such as n-pentane or n-heptane, but soluble in aromatics such as toluene” (Goual 2012)
Asfaltenni quyidagi belgilar bo'yicha aniqlash va tasniflash mumkin:
- Qattiq: Asfalten - bu xom neftda rezervuar sharoitida bir hil holga keladigan qattiq faza.
- n-alkan erimaydi: Asfalten eruvchanlik sinfi sifatida tasniflanadi, chunki u bir nechta tuzilishga ega va shuning uchun uning umumiy tuzilishini ta'minlash juda qiyin. Shuning uchun u n-pentan yoki n-geptan kabi engil n-alkanlarda erimaydigan va toluol yoki ksilen kabi aromatik moddalarda eriydigan xom neftdagi eng yuqori molekulyar og'irlikdagi komponent sifatida aniqlanadi.
- Yuqori qutbli: asfalten xom neftning juda kam sonli tarkibiy qismlaridan biri bo'lib, u qutbsiz deb hisoblanadigan xom neftdan farqli o'laroq, yuqori qutbga ega.
- Geteroatomlar: Asfalten asosan azot, kislorod va oltingugurtda namoyon bo'lgan hetero-atomlar bilan bog'liq.
Hielscher Ultrasonics kompaniyasi yuqori samarali ultratovushli homogenizatorlarni etkazib beradi laboratoriya uchun sanoat hajmi.