Ultrasonically Assisted liqhakaze Obumba

I-Ultrasound iyaziwa kakhulu ngomthamo wayo wokukhipha. I-ultrasonically isizinda sesisizo samakhemikhali asebenzayo, ama-flavour kanye nezinongo ezivela emthini wezinto ezitshalayo yisicelo esiyimpumelelo kakhulu njengoba i-cavitation eyenziwe nge-ultrasonically iphazamisa amangqamuzana esitshalo futhi ithuthukisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla ukuze impahla ye-intra-yeselula itholakale. Ngaleyo ndlela, isizinda esiphuthumayo kanye nezitshalo eziphakeme ziyatholakala.

Ukukhishwa kwe-Ultrasonic ye-Saffron Threads
I-Saffron (Crocus sativus), eyaziwa njenge-spice ebiza kakhulu emakethe yomhlaba futhi ehlukaniswa ukunambitheka kwayo okubucayi, ukunambitheka okubabayo nombala ophuzi okhangayo, kuhlwanyelwa kakhulu e-Iran, eSpain, eGreece naseNdiya. Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwayo njenge-spice futhi njengejenti lombala, i-safari nayo ibhekwa njengesitshalo sezokwelapha futhi kusukela isikhathi esifushane, i-crocus sativus iphhenywa njengomthombo omusha ophephile wama-antioxidants wemvelo imboni yokudla. Ngamanani aphezulu angafika kuma-14 ama-euro ngegrama ngayinye, kunezizathu eziningana: kuqala, phakathi kwezimbali eziyi-100,000 no-200,000 crocus kudingeka kufezeke i-kilogram 1 ye-spray spice; okwesibili, izimbali ze-safoni ziqhakaza nje amasonto amabili ekwindla; kanti okwesithathu, isivuno senziwa ngokuphelele ngabasebenzi bomsebenzi. I-spice ye-safari itholakala kuhlamba olubomvu lwembali le-crocus ye-safoni. Yonke isitshalo se-safron iveza inhlamba emithathu ebomvu embali. Lezi zinhlamba ezintathu (i-receptives tip of carpel) nezitayela zabo zivunwa ukuze zithole izinto ze-safron. Ngemuva kokumiswa, lezi zingxenye zisetshenziselwa ukudla okunomsoco noma njenge-agent agent.
I-ultrasound-isusiwe Ukukhipha iyindlela efakazelwe yokukhishwa kwezinto ezingaphakathi kwe-intracellular kanye nezinsimbi ezisebenzayo nezisebenzayo. Imisebe ye-Ultrasonic ingasetshenziswa ekuhlakalweni okubomvu kwe-safari okuqukethe izinto ezingaphezu kuka-150 ezivuthayo ezinomsoco kanye nezinhlanganisela ezingasebenzi, ezifana ne-carotenoids lycopene, i-zeaxanthin, ne-α- ne-β-carotenes ehlukahlukene.
I-taste flavor ye-safari iphumela ikakhulukazi emakhiweni amathathu: i-crocins, i-picrocrocin ne-safranal.

I-Kadkhodaee ne-Hemmati-Kakhki banikeza isifundo ngokuthi baphenye "Ukukhishwa kwe-ultrasonic yama-Active Compounds kusuka ku-safari". Kulesi sifundo, baye babonisa ukuthi i-ultrasonication yanda isivuno sesikhumba kakhulu futhi sinciphisa isikhathi sokucubungula kakhulu. Eqinisweni, imiphumela yesikhumba se-ultrasound yayingcono kakhulu kunokwendabuko yamanzi abandayo abandayo ehlongozwa yi-ISO. Ukucwaninga kwabo, iKadkhodaee noHemmati-Kakhki basebenzise idivayisi yama-ultrasonic kaHielscher UP50H. Ukuphenya inzuzo ye-irradiation ye-ultrasonic, inani elifanayo le-safari (isampula ye-0.25g) likhishwe ngamanzi abandayo abandayo: Isampula esisodwa siphathwe ngeprosesa ye-Hielscher ultrasonic; esinye isampula sisebenze inqubo yendabuko yokukhipha amanzi okubandayo ephakanyiswe yi-ISO. Njengoba ngenhla kubonisiwe, ne-ultrasonic isikhungo sekhishwe ikhishwe isivuno esiphezulu se-saffron. Ngesikhathi sokukhula sonication okwenyukayo isivuno siphumelele siphumelele, sinokuthuthukiswa okwenziwe ku-15% okuphephile kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhipha. Imiphumela emihle ifinyelelwe nge-sonication ye-pulsed. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izikhathi ezincane zokuphambana zaziphumelela kangcono kunokwelashwa okuqhubekayo kwe-ultrasonic ngoba ensimini ye-ultrasonic evuthayo isikhathi esiphakathi kwamapulisi amabili senza njengesikhashana lapho amabhubhu amancane nezigxobo ezingaguquki ezikhiqizwa yi-bubble ziwa, ngokuya ngobukhulu bawo, zichithwe kude noma ugeze ngaphandle kwe-cavitation zone ukuze izimo zokuqala zamanzi zibuyiselwe. (Kadkhodaee et al., 2007) Njenge-ultrasound eyenziwe cavitation kubangela izimo zendawo zendawo kakhulu, ukucubungula kwe-ultrasonic kunikeza imiphumela engcono ye-cell by efficiency cell disruption futhi ukudluliswa okuphelele okuphelele kusuka ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi zamatrik cells. Futhi ukutholakala kwama-phytochemicals kanye nama-biopharmaceuticals kusuka ku-safron kuyisicelo esithembisayo.
Ukusebenza kwe-ultrasound-aided extraction kuye kwaphenywa isikhathi eside futhi kwaziwa kahle. Hielscher's Izinsiza ze-Ultrasonic selivele lisetshenziswe ngempumelelo kakhulu ukukhipha amaprotheni, lipids, ama-phenolic compounds, nama-enzyme.

Izincwadi / Izinkomba

• I-Kadkhodaee, i-R .; Hemmati-Kakhki, A. (2007): Ukukhishwa kwe-ultrasonic yama-Active Compounds kusuka ku-safari. Ku: Koochecki, A. et al. (hlela): II. I-International Symposium kwi-Saffron Biology and Technology. I-ISHS, i-Iran 2007.