Ukukhishwa kwesinamoni kwendabuko kudla isikhathi futhi akusebenzi kahle. Isizinda se-Ultrasonic inqubo elula, kepha esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuqinisa inqubo ezonciphisa isikhathi sokukhipha ibe ngamahora ambalwa futhi inyuke ngasikhathi sinye isivuno sikakholamu esibalulekile.

Isizinda se-Cinnamon esithuthukisiwe nge-Ultrasonics

Ukukhishwa kwendabuko kukawoyela obalulekile wesinamoni kutholakala nge-steam distillation yegxolo lesinamoni namaqabunga. I-distillation yendabuko yendabuko ihamba kancane kakhulu futhi idla isikhathi. Ukuphakama kwesivuno esihlosiwe sikawoyela wesinamoni, kuphakamisa isiphuzo sophuzo somusi isikhathi eside, okusho ukuthi ukuphuziswa kwesitimu segedlela lamaqabunga esinamoni kungathatha amahora afinyelela kwali-12, kanti ukuphuziswa kwe-steam distillia kungathatha amahora angaphezu kwangu-24. Isizinda se-Ultrasonic sephula ukwakheka kweseli kwegxolo lesinamoni bese sishiya phezulu ukuze uwoyela wesinamoni ukhishwe ngokushesha okukhulu nangokuphelele. Isizinda se-Ultrasonic sisheshisa ukuphuculwa kwesiphuzo se-steam kakhulu, sifinyeza isikhathi sokucubungula kusuka osukwini olugcwele kuya emahoreni ambalwa ngenkathi sandisa isivuno sikawoyela obalulekile wesinamoni.
Isizinda se-Ultrasonic sikhipha isibalo esigcwele samakhemikhali esinamoni anamakha, kufaka phakathi i-cinnamaldehyde, i-linalool, i-eugenol, ne-cinnamic acid. Ukunikeza ukukhishwa okugcwele kwezinhlanganisela zikawoyela ezibalulekile kuyisizathu sekhwalithi ephezulu yamafutha wesinamoni akhishwe nge-ultrasonically. Ikakhulukazi i-cinnamaldehyde, isakhi esiyinhloko se-organic sinikeza isinamoni ukunambitheka kwayo kwesiginesha nephunga. Njengoba i-sonication iyindlela yokwelashwa engeyona eyokushisa, amakhemikhali abalulekile kawoyela avinjelwe ekonakaleni okushisayo. Ngakho-ke, isizinda se-ultrasonic sikhiqiza amafutha abalulekile anephunga afeza izindinganiso ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu.
Isizinda se-Ultrasonic singasetshenziswa kumagxolo esinamoni namaqabunga. Uwoyela weqabunga lesinamoni unephunga elinamandla uma liqhathaniswa namafutha egxolo. Amaqabunga esinamoni aqukethe amanani aphezulu eugenol.

Kungani Isizinda se-Ultrasonic Sivelisa Ukupheka Kwesitimu

Ukukhiqiza amafutha abalulekile avela kusinamoni nge-distillation ye-steam, amafutha abalulekile kufanele aqale akhishwe ku-matrix yesitshalo (okungukuthi amaseli ezitshalo kumaqabunga esinamoni noma kumagxolo). Kwisiphuzo se-distillation, izinto zesitshalo sesinamoni zibiliswa amahora angama-24 kuma-kettle. Ukushisa kukodwa akukusebenzi ngokwanele ekuphuleni ukwakheka kwamaseli nokukhulula amafutha abalulekile abambekile. Ngokuvamile, ukubilisa akuwadedeli ngokuphelele amafutha abalulekile avaleleke futhi amanani amakhulu kawoyela asalayo ayamoshwa, ngoba awakhishwanga. Ngemuva kwenqubo yokukhipha ukushisa, i-distillation ye-steam izokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, kuphekwa inhlanganisela yeziphuzo ezimbili ezingabonakali (okusho uwoyela namanzi abalulekile). Ingxube iqala ukubila lapho ingcindezi yabo yomhosha ehlanganisiwe ilingana no-760 mm Hg. Iphoyinti elibilayo lenhlanganisela yamanzi no-oyela obalulekile lizoba liphansi kunendawo ebilayo yanoma iyiphi ingxenye ngokuhlukile. I-hydrodistillation yendabuko inezingqinamba ezinkulu: Inqubo ende yokubilisa ne-steaming ithatha isikhathi esiningi namandla.
Isizinda se-Ultrasonic sisebenza nge-acoustic cavitation. I-acoustic cavitation yenzeka, lapho amandla amagagasi e-ultrasound eyimibhangqwana ibe uketshezi (isb. Ukumiswa okuqukethe izinto zezitshalo endaweni encibilikayo noma emanzini). Amagagasi e-ultrasonic ahamba kuketshezi obangela ukushintshana kwemijikelezo ephezulu yengcindezi / yengcindezi ephansi. Ngesikhathi semijikelezo enengcindezi ephansi, kudalwa amabhamuza we-vacuum (okuthiwa ama-bubble cavitation), akhula ngaphezu kwemijikelezo eminingana yengcindezi. Ngosayizi othile, lapho amagwebu engakwazi ukumunca amandla athe xaxa, agxumagxuma ngamandla ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokucindezela okukhulu. I-bubble implosion ibonakala ngamandla amakhulu wokufaka amandla, kufaka phakathi ama-micro-turbulences nemifudlana engamanzi enama-velocities angafika ku-100m / s. Le miphumela ye-cavitational shear yaziwa nangokuthi imiphumela ye-sonomechanical. Isizinda se-Ultrasonic sama-molecule we-bioactive ikakhulu sibangelwa yimiphumela ye-sonomechanical: ukuthuthuka nokuxokozela kuphazamisa amaseli futhi kukhuthaze ukudluliswa kobuningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-molecule we-bioactive njengama-oyela abalulekile, ama-polyphenols, ama-terpenes, nama-cannabinoids akhishwa kwisitshalo se-matrix sesitshalo esiya ku-solvent.
Inzuzo yesizinda se-ultrasonic ngaphezulu kwendlela yendabuko yokubilisa ne-steam distillation isizinda esiphakeme ngokuqhathaniswa samafutha abalulekile kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Isivuno esiphakeme sikhiqiza ukugwema ukumoshwa kwempahla eluhlaza futhi senze ukukhishwa kuzuze kakhulu. Ukulondolozwa kwesikhathi namandla okutholakala ngokukhishwa kwe-ultrasonic kubalulekile. Njengendlela engeyona eyokushisa, isizinda se-ultrasonic sivimbela ama-thermo-sensitive compounds kusuka ekonakaleni okubangelwa ukushisa.
Amazinga okushisa amancane nesikhathi esifushane sokucubungula yizinzuzo ezinkulu zesizinda se-ultrasonic ngoba ukubola okushisayo kwezicucu zemvelo kuvinjelwe. Lokhu kwenza isizinda se-ultrasonic sisebenze kahle kakhulu ngakho-ke, i-sonication inikeza amafutha abalulekile wekhwalithi ephezulu.

Ucwaningo lwezifundo lwe-Ultrasonic Cinnamon Extraction

Ucwaningo nemboni sezivele zamukele isizinda se-ultrasonic ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha abalulekile asezingeni eliphakeme avela kuma-botanicals amaningi kufaka phakathi amaqabunga esinamoni namagxolo.

I-Ultrasonic Hydrodistillation yeCinnamon

UChen et al. (2020) uphenye i-hydrodistillation ekhuthazwe nge-ultrasonically futhi waphetha ngokuthi i-sonication ithuthukise inqubo ye-distillation kakhulu. I-Ultrasonic steam distillation inikeze isivuno esiphezulu samafutha esinamoni ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esincishisiwe esincishisiwe. Besebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwe-GC-MS, bakhombise ukuthi i-hydrodistillation esizwe nge-ultrasonically inikeze uwoyela obaluleke kakhulu ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-compound-trans-cinnamaldehyde enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-hydrodistillation yendabuko. Ukuskena i-electron micrograph (SEM) kuqinisekisile ukusebenza kahle kwe-sonication yokukhipha uwoyela wesinamoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaziywa kokusetshenziswa kukagesi kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2 kukhombisa ukuthi inqubo ye-hydrodistillation esizwe nge-ultrasonically iyindlela yezomnotho nezemvelo ethe xaxa. Ngakho-ke, uChen et al. fingqa ukuthi i-hydrodistillation esizwe nge-ultrasonically ubuchwepheshe obusebenzayo nobuluhlaza bokukhipha uwoyela obalulekile wesinamoni, ongathuthukisa ubuningi nekhwalithi kawoyela wesinamoni.

Isizinda se-Ultrasonic Cinnamon Sisebenzisa i-Deep Eutectic Solvents

Isizinda se-Ultrasonic sisebenzisa i-eutectic solvents ejulile sikhonjiswe njengecebo eliphakeme lokukhipha isivuno esikhulu se-trans-cinnamaldehyde ne-coumarin kusuka kugxolo lwesinamoni.
indlela ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle yanika okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-trans-cinnamaldehyde ne-coumarin kunaleyo etholwe ngezindlela ezijwayelekile (i-reflux, i-soxhlet ne-maceration) kusetshenziswa izixazululi ze-organic (96% ethanol). Izimo ezikahle zokukhishwa kwe-ultrasonic ezisebenzisa izixazululi zemvelo ezijulile ze-eutectic zitholakale njenge-choline chloride-citric acid (ChCl-CA) ene-40% yokufaka amanzi nesikhathi sokukhipha seminithi engama-30 ukukhipha i-trans-cinnamaldehyde (9.24 ± 0.01 mg / g) ne-coumarin (11.6 ± 0.11 mg / g) kusuka kugxolo lwesinamoni (C. burmannii Blume). Olunye uphenyo kufanele lwenziwe ukuhlola umsebenzi wezokwelapha we-trans-cinnamaldehyde ne-coumarin kusuka kugxolo lwesinamoni. (bheka u-Aryati et al. 2020)

Umfanekiso ongaphezulu wegxolo lesinamoni usebenzisa ukuskena i-electron microscopy 1000x magnification; impuphu eyomile (a); ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-maceration (b); ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-reflux (c); ngemuva kokukhishwa kweSoxhlet (d); ngemuva kokukhishwa kusetshenziswa i-NADES-UAE ChCl-CA (e).
ukutadisha nesithombe sika-Aryati et al. 2020

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-Ultrasonic Extractors

Isizinda se-Ultrasonic ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza obunokwethenjelwa, obusiza futhi busheshise ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha abalulekile asezingeni eliphakeme. Iphothifoliyo yeHielscher Ultrasonics ifaka uhla oluphelele kusuka kuma-compact lab ultrasonicators kuya kumasistimu wokukhipha ezimbonini. Ngaleyo ndlela, thina kwaHielscher singakunikeza i-ultrasonicator efaneleke kakhulu kunqubo yakho ebekiwe yenqubo. Abasebenzi bethu besikhathi eside abanolwazi bazokusiza ekuhlolweni okungenzeka nasekusebenziseni inqubo ekufakweni kohlelo lwakho lwe-ultrasonic ezingeni lokugcina lokukhiqiza.
Ukuphrinta kwezinyawo okuncane kwama-extractors ethu e-ultrasonic kanye nokuguquguquka kwawo ekukhethweni kokufaka kubenza balingane ngisho nasezikhungweni zokucubungula isikhala esincane. Amaprosesa we-Ultrasonic afakiwe emhlabeni wonke ezindaweni zokukhiqiza zokudla, i-pharma nezomsoco.

Hielscher Ultrasonics – Isisetshenziswa Sokukhishwa Sophisticated

Iphothifoliyo yomkhiqizo we-Hielscher Ultrasonics ihlanganisa uhla oluphelele lwe-extractors ephezulu ye-ultrasonic kusuka ezincane kuya ezinkulu. Izesekeli ezingeziwe zivumela ukuhlangana okulula kokucushwa okuhle kakhulu kwedivayisi ye-ultrasonic yenqubo yakho yokukhipha. Ukusetha okulungile kwe-ultrasonic kuya ngomthamo ocatshangelwe, ivolumu, impahla eluhlaza, inqubo ye-batch noma i-inline kanye nomugqa wesikhathi.

I-Batch ne-Inline

Ama-ultrasonicators ama-Hielscher angasetshenziselwa ukuqhutshwa nokuqhutshwa kokugeleza okuqhubekayo. Ukucubungula kwe-batch ultrasonic kufanelekile ekuhlolweni kwenqubo, ukwenziwa kahle futhi kube sezingeni eliphansi lokukhiqiza likasayizi ophakathi. Ngokukhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-botanicals (isb. Amaqabunga esinamoni namagxolo), ukucubungula okusemgqeni kungaba lusizo kakhulu. Ngenkathi ukushaywa kudinga ukusethwa okulula kakhulu, kuba isikhathi esithe xaxa nokusebenza ngamandla. Inqubo eqhubekayo yokukhipha okusemgqeni idinga ukusethwa okuyinkimbinkimbi – equkethe iphampu, amapayipi noma amapayipi namathangi -, kepha isebenza kahle kakhulu, iyashesha futhi idinga abasebenzi abancane kakhulu. I-Hielscher Ultrasonics inokusetha okufanele kakhulu kokukhipha ivolumu yesizinda sakho nezinhloso zenqubo.

Ama-Ultrasonic Extractors wawo wonke amandla womkhiqizo

Uhla lomkhiqizo we-Hielscher Ultrasonics lumboza isibonisi esigcwele sama-processor we-ultrasonic kusuka kuma-compact lab ultrasonicators ngaphezulu kwebench-top kanye nezinhlelo zokushayela kumaprosesa asezimboni asebenza ngokugcwele anamandla wokucubungula ukulayisha amaloli ngehora. Uhla oluphelele lomkhiqizo lusivumela ukuthi sikunikeze okukhipha okulunge kakhulu kwe-ultrasonic kwempahla yakho eluhlaza, amandla enqubo nezinhloso zokukhiqiza.
Izinhlelo ze-Ultrasonic benchtop zilungele ukuhlolwa okungenzeka nokusebenza kwenqubo. Ukulinganiswa komugqa ngokuya ngemingcele yenqubo esungulwe kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukukhulisa amandla wokucubungula kusuka ezinkatho ezincane kuya ekukhiqizeni ngokugcwele ukuthengisa. Ukukhuphula amandla kungenziwa ngokufaka iyunithi enamandla kakhulu yokukhipha i-ultrasonic noma ukuhlanganisa ama-ultrasonicators amaningi ngokufana. Nge-UIP16000, i-Hielscher inikeza i-extractor ye-ultrasonic enamandla kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Ama-Amplitudes Alawulekayo Kahle Emiphumela Engcono

Onke ama-ultrasonicators aseHielscher alawulwa kahle futhi ngaleyo ndlela enokwethenjelwa amahhashi omsebenzi ekukhiqizeni. I-amplitude ingenye yemingcele yenqubo ebalulekile ethonya ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kwesizinda se-ultrasonic samafutha abalulekile avela kusinamoni.
Zonke Hielscher Ultrasonics’ amaprosesa avumela ukumiswa okuqondile kwe-amplitude. I-Sonotrodes nezimpondo ze-booster yizinsiza ezivumela ukuguqula ubukhulu endaweni ebanzi kakhulu. Amaprosesa aseHielscher ezimboni ze-ultrasonic angaletha ama-amplitudes aphakeme kakhulu futhi ahambise amandla adingekayo e-ultrasonic wezicelo ezifunwayo. Amplitudes afika ku-200µm angaqhutshwa ngokuqhubekayo ngokuqhubekayo ekusebenzeni okungama-24/7.
Amasethingi we-amplitude aqondile nokuqapha unomphela kwemingcele yenqubo ye-ultrasonic nge-smart software kukunika ithuba lokuphatha amaqabunga akho esinamoni nokukhonkotha ngezimo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ze-ultrasonic. I-sonication efanelekile yemiphumela emihle yokukhipha!
Ukuqina kwemishini ye-ultrasonic ye-Hielscher kuvumela ukusebenza kwe-24/7 emsebenzini osindayo nasezindaweni ezifunayo. Lokhu kwenza imishini ye-ultrasonic ye-Hielscher ithuluzi lomsebenzi elithembekile eligcwalisa izidingo zakho zokukhishwa.

Ukuhlola okulula, okungenazingozi

Izinqubo ze-Ultrasonic zingalinganiswa ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke imiphumela oyizuzile usebenzisa ilebhu noma ibhentshi-phezulu i-ultrasonicator, ingakalwa ngokukhishwa okufanayo kusetshenziswa amapharamitha wenqubo efanayo. Lokhu kwenza i-ultrasonication ilungele ukuhlolwa okungenakho ubungozi, ukwenziwa kwenqubo nokwenza okulandelayo kokukhiqizwa kokuhweba. Xhumana nathi ukuze ufunde ukuthi i-sonication ingakhulisa kanjani umkhiqizo wakho wokukhipha isinamoni.

Ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu – Yakhelwe Yakheka EJalimane

Njengebhizinisi eliqhutshwa ngumndeni futhi eliqhutshwa ngumndeni, iHielscher ibeka phambili amazinga aphezulu kakhulu wezinhlelo zayo ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Onke ama-ultrasonicators aklanyelwe, akhiqizwa futhi ahlolwe ngokuphelele ekhanda lethu eliseTeltow ngaseBerlin, eJalimane. Ukuba namandla nokwethenjwa kwemishini yokusebenza kwe-Hielscher ka-Hielscher kuyenza ibe ihhashi lomsebenzi ekukhiqizweni kwakho. Ukusebenza okungu-24/7 ngaphansi komthwalo ophelele nasezindaweni ezifunwayo kuyisici esingokwemvelo sabahlanganisi abasebenza kakhulu be-Hielscher.

Ithebula elingezansi linikeza isibonakaliso somthamo wokucubungula we-ultrasonicators wethu: