I-Sonoelectrolytic Hydrogen Production evela ku-Dilute Sulfuric Acid I-Electrolysis ye-dilute sulfuric acid ikhiqiza igesi ye-hydrogen negesi yomoya-mpilo. I-Ultrasonication inciphisa ukushuba kwesendlalelo se-diffusion ebusweni be-electrode futhi ithuthukise ukudluliswa kwesisindo ngesikhathi se-electrolysis. I-Ultrasonication ingakhuphula amazinga wokukhiqiza igesi e-hydrogen esitokisini se-electrolytic, kakhulu. Amasethingi amabili wokuhlola ane-carbon anode kanye ne-titanium cathode achazwe ngezansi. Ukukhombisa imiphumela emihle ye-ultrasonication ku-electrolysis, i-titanium cathode iyi-sonoelectrode. Lokhu kungeza ukudlidliza kwe-ultrasonic kanye ne-cavitation ekukhiqizeni i-electrolytic ye-hydrogen ne-oxygen kusuka ekunciphiseni i-sulfuric acid. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-ultrasonics nogesi kusetshenziswa ku-sonoelectrochemistry, sonoelectrolysis kanye ne-sonoelectrosynthesis. I-Hielscher ultrasonic homogenizer UP100H (i-100 watts, i-30kHz) ifakwe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sonoelectrochemical. Lokhu kuvumela ukusebenzisa i-sonotrode njenge-cathode noma i-anode kunqubo ye-electrolytic. Okwe-setups sonoelectrolytic yezimboni, sicela uchofoze lapha! Sonoelectric Cathode ku-UP100H iprosesa le-ultrasonic Isethaphu ye-Sonoelectrolysis 1 – Uhlobo lwe-H Iseli Elingahlukanisiwe Ukusetha kusebenzisa i-dilut sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 1.0M). Iseli elihlukaniswe ngohlobo H lifakwa i-electrolyte. Leli seli laziwa njengeHofmann Voltameter. Inamatilinda engilazi amathathu ahlanganisiwe. Isilinda sangaphakathi sivuliwe phezulu ukuvumela ukugcwaliswa nge-electrolyte. Ukuvula ama-valve phezulu kwamashubhu angaphandle kuvumela noma iyiphi igesi ukubaleka ngesikhathi sokugcwaliswa. Esitokisini se-electrolytic, ama-electrode avalwa ngamasongo enjoloba futhi afakwa abhekiswe phansi esixazululweni samanzi ane-acid. I-anode electrode enhle yenziwe ngekhabhoni (8mm). I-cathode engalungile iyi-sonoelectrode ye-titanium ultrasonic (10mm, sonotrode ekhethekile yendawo ephezulu, i-Hielscher UP100H, i-100 watts, i-30kHz). I-titanium sonoelectrode ne-carbon electrode ayisebenzi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Electrolysis kuzokwenzeka kuphela lapho ugesi udluliswa ngesisombululo se-sulfuric acid. Ngakho-ke, i-anode yekhabhoni ne-titanium cathode zixhunywe kunikezelo lwamandla kagesi aqhubekayo (okuqondile manje). Igesi le-hydrogen negesi yomoya-mpilo ekhiqizwa ku-electrolysis ye-dilute sulfuric acid iqoqwa kumashubhu angaphandle aphumelele ngaphezu kwe-electrode ngayinye. Umthamo wegesi ususa i-electrolyte kumashubhu angaphandle, futhi ivolumu yegesi eyengeziwe ingalinganiswa. Isilinganiso sethiyori yevolumu yegesi ngu-2: 1. Ngesikhathi se-electrolysis, kususwa amanzi kuphela ku-electrolyte njengegesi ye-hydrogen negesi yomoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlushwa kwe-sulfuric acid kunciphisa kancane ngesikhathi se-electrolysis. Ividiyo engezansi ikhombisa i-sonoelectrolysis ye-dilute sulfuric acid isebenzisa i-pulsed ultrasonication (100% amplitude, cycle mode, 0.2 seconds on, 0.8 seconds off). Kokubili ukuhlolwa kwaqhutshwa ku-2.1V (DC, voltage njalo). Le vidiyo ikhombisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen sonoelectrolytic kuHofmann Voltameter I-Sonoelectrolytic Hydrogen Production eHofmann Voltameter Isicelo solwazi Igama Ikheli le-imeyili (elidingekayo) umkhiqizo noma indawo yesithakazelo Qaphela kwethu Inqubomgomo yobumfihlo. Cela ulwazi Isethaphu Sonoelectrolysis 2 – Iqoqo Elilula Isitsha sengilazi sigcwele i-electrolyte ye-dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 1.0M). Kuleli seli elilula le-electrolytic, ama-electrode acwiliswa kusixazululo samanzi ane-asidi. I-anode electrode enhle yenziwe ngekhabhoni (8mm). I-cathode engeyona i-titanium ultrasonic sonoelectrode (10mm, MS10, Hielscher UP100H, 100 watts, 30kHz). Ukuhlolwa kwe-Electrolysis kuzokwenzeka kuphela lapho ugesi udluliswa ngesisombululo se-sulfuric acid. Ngakho-ke, i-anode yekhabhoni ne-titanium cathode zixhunywe kunikezelo lwamandla kagesi aqhubekayo (okuqondile manje). I-titanium electrode ne-carbon electrode ayisebenzi. Igesi le-hydrogen kanye negesi yomoya-mpilo ekhiqizwa ku-electrolysis ye-dilute sulfuric acid ayiqoqwanga kulokhu kusethwa. Ividiyo engezansi ikhombisa lokhu kusetha okulula kakhulu kusebenza. Le vidiyo ikhombisa ukwenziwa kwe-sonoelectrolysis kwamanzi ukukhiqiza i-hydrogen ne-oxygen I-Sonoelectrolysis Yamanzi kuya ku-Hydrogen ne-Oxygen Cela ulwazi oluthe xaxa! Sicela usebenzise ifomu elingezansi, uma ufisa ukucela imininingwane eyengeziwe maqondana nokusetshenziswa kwe-sonoelectrochemistry. Sizojabula ukukunikeza uhlelo lwe-ultrasonic oluhlangabezana nezidingo zakho. Igama Inkampani Ikheli le-imeyili (elidingekayo) Inombolo yocingo Ikheli Idolobha, i-State, i-ZIP Code Izwe Inzalo Sicela uqaphele wethu Inqubomgomo yobumfihlo. Cela ulwazi Kwenzekani Ngesikhathi se-Electrolysis? Ama-hydrogen ions akhangwa i-cathode engemihle. Lapho, i-hydrogen ion noma ama-molecule wamanzi ancishiselwa kuma-molecule egesi e-hydrogen ngenzuzo ye-electron. Ngenxa yalokho ama-molecule egesi e-hydrogen akhishwa njengegesi le-hydrogen. I-electrolysis yamanothi amaningi asebenzayo asebenzayo noma izixazululo ze-asidi ikhiqiza i-hydrogen ku-electrode ye-cathode engalungile. Ion sulphate ions noma iminonjana ye-hydroxide ions idonsela ku-anode enhle. I-sulfate ion uqobo izinzile kakhulu, ukuze kungenzeki lutho. Ama-Hydroxide ions noma ama-molecule wamanzi akhishwa futhi ahlanganiswe ku-anode ukwakha i-oxygen. Lokhu kusabela okuhle kwe-anode kungukusabela kwe-oxidation electrode ngokulahleka kwe-electron. Kungani Sisebenzisa Ukuhlanza I-Sulphuric Acid? Amanzi aqukethe ukugxila kweminithi kwe-hydrogen ions ne-hydroxide ions, kuphela. Lokhu kukhawulela ukuqhutshwa kukagesi. Ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-hydrogen ions ne-sulfate ions kusuka ku-dilute sulfuric acid kuthuthukisa ukuqhutshwa kukagesi kwe-electrolyte. Ngenye indlela, ungasebenzisa isisombululo se-alkaline electrolyte njenge potassium hydroxide (KOH) noma i-sodium hydroxide (NAOH), namanzi. I-electrolysis yezixazululo eziningi zikasawoti noma i-sulfuric acid ikhiqiza i-hydrogen ku-cathode engalungile ne-oxygen ku-anode enhle. I-electrolysis ye-hydrochloric acid noma i-chloride usawoti ikhiqiza i-chlorine ku-anode. Yini i-Electrolyzer? I-electrolyzer iyithuluzi lokwehlukanisa amanzi abe yi-hydrogen ne-oxygen enqubeni eyaziwa ngokuthi i-electrolysis. I-electrolyzer isebenzisa ugesi ukukhiqiza igesi ye-hydrogen negesi yomoya-mpilo. Igesi le-hydrogen lingagcinwa njengegesi elicindezelwe noma elincibilikisiwe. I-Hydrogen iyisiphathi samandla okusetshenziselwa i-hydrogen fuel cell ezimotweni, ezitimeleni, emabhasini, noma emalolini. I-electrolyzer eyisisekelo iqukethe i-cathode (inkokhelo engemihle) kanye ne-anode (imali enhle) nezinto ezisemaphethelweni, njengamaphampu, ama-vents, amathangi okugcina, amandla kagesi, isihlukanisi nezinye izinto. I-electrolysis yamanzi ukusabela kwe-electrochemical okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-electrolyzer. I-anode ne-cathode inikwe amandla yi-current ngqo futhi amanzi (H20) ahlukaniswe abe izingxenye zawo i-hydrogen (H2) ne-oxygen (O2). Izincwadi / Izikhombo Bruno G. Pollet; Faranak Foroughi; Alaa Y. Faid; David R. Emberson; Md.H. Islam (2020): Does power ultrasound (26 kHz) affect the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on Pt polycrystalline electrode in a mild acidic electrolyte? Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 69, December 2020. Md H. Islam; Odne S. Burheim; Bruno G.Pollet (2019): Sonochemical and sonoelectrochemical production of hydrogen. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 51, March 2019. 533-555. Jayaraman Theerthagiri; Jagannathan Madhavan; Seung Jun Lee; Myong Yong Choi; Muthupandian Ashokkumar; Bruno G. Pollet (2020): Sonoelectrochemistry for energy and environmental applications. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 63, 2020. Bruno G. Pollet (2019): Does power ultrasound affect heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics? Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 52, 2019. 6-12. Md Hujjatul Islam; Michael T.Y. Paul; Odne S. Burheim; Bruno G. Pollet (2019): Recent developments in the sonoelectrochemical synthesis of nanomaterials. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 59, 2019. Sherif S. Rashwan, Ibrahim Dincer, Atef Mohany, Bruno G. Pollet (2019): The Sono-Hydro-Gen process (Ultrasound induced hydrogen production): Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 44, Issue 29, 2019, 14500-14526. M.D. Esclapez, V. Sáez, D. Milán-Yáñez, I. Tudela, O. Louisnard, J. González-García (2010): Sonoelectrochemical treatment of water polluted with trichloroacetic acid: From sonovoltammetry to pre-pilot plant scale. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Volume 17, Issue 6, 2010. 1010-1020. L. Cabrera, S. Gutiérrez, P. Herrasti, D. Reyman (2010): Sonoelectrochemical synthesis of magnetite. Physics Procedia Volume 3, Issue 1, 2010. 89-94. Okuthunyelwe okuhlobene Electro-Sonication – Ama-electrode e-Ultrasonic Ukusetha kwe-Sonoelectrochemistry – 2000 Watts Ultrasound I-Sono-Electrochemistry kanye Nezinzuzo zayo Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Hydrogen Okusebenzayo nge-Ultrasonics I-Ultrasonics Yenza i-Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling isebenze kangcono I-Ultrasonics ye-Recycling of Battery Lithium Ion
Izincwadi / Izikhombo Bruno G. Pollet; Faranak Foroughi; Alaa Y. Faid; David R. Emberson; Md.H. Islam (2020): Does power ultrasound (26 kHz) affect the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on Pt polycrystalline electrode in a mild acidic electrolyte? Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 69, December 2020. Md H. Islam; Odne S. Burheim; Bruno G.Pollet (2019): Sonochemical and sonoelectrochemical production of hydrogen. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 51, March 2019. 533-555. Jayaraman Theerthagiri; Jagannathan Madhavan; Seung Jun Lee; Myong Yong Choi; Muthupandian Ashokkumar; Bruno G. Pollet (2020): Sonoelectrochemistry for energy and environmental applications. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 63, 2020. Bruno G. Pollet (2019): Does power ultrasound affect heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics? Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 52, 2019. 6-12. Md Hujjatul Islam; Michael T.Y. Paul; Odne S. Burheim; Bruno G. Pollet (2019): Recent developments in the sonoelectrochemical synthesis of nanomaterials. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Vol. 59, 2019. Sherif S. Rashwan, Ibrahim Dincer, Atef Mohany, Bruno G. Pollet (2019): The Sono-Hydro-Gen process (Ultrasound induced hydrogen production): Challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 44, Issue 29, 2019, 14500-14526. M.D. Esclapez, V. Sáez, D. Milán-Yáñez, I. Tudela, O. Louisnard, J. González-García (2010): Sonoelectrochemical treatment of water polluted with trichloroacetic acid: From sonovoltammetry to pre-pilot plant scale. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Volume 17, Issue 6, 2010. 1010-1020. L. Cabrera, S. Gutiérrez, P. Herrasti, D. Reyman (2010): Sonoelectrochemical synthesis of magnetite. Physics Procedia Volume 3, Issue 1, 2010. 89-94.